… We measured total TSNAs in 11 522 adults who provided urine … W1 TSNA exposure data
which provides population exposure … 18 years or older), including both users and nonusers of …

… and excreted in urine offering useful biomarkers of exposure. … on levels of urinary biomarkers
of exposure to nicotine, TSNAs, … tobacco users with complete urinary biomarker data were …

… of nicotine and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs)) and both … We quantified urinary NNAL
in 103 of the 270 participants due … We also had data on factors that influence relationships …

… of nicotine and perhaps other TSNAs. For these reasons … of the US population; thus no
data are available with which the … of the urinary total NNAL excretion fractions for second-hand …

… Most of the urinary biomarkers are also excreted as glucuronide … of 1985 children aged 6
to 18 years using data from the 2003–… As TSNAs are formed while SHS ages, urinary NNAL/…

… habits and exposure to secondhand smoke. The objective of … We used data from the follow-up
of the “Determinants of … that NNAL is the most abundant TSNA detectable in urine while …

… However, urinary NNAL does not allow differentiating between secondhand … analysis were
TSNA concentrations measured in different indoor media, along with kinetic data generated in …

… The objective of this study was to compare the exposure to the TSNAs … The urinary excretion
of NNN and NNAL in smokers and OT … ranking of NNN excretion are comparable to our data. …

… atically reviewed TSNA exposure between people smoking, … Amongst people who smoke,
the levels of TSNAs in urine … Participants: Adults aged ≥18 years. Intervention: Participants …

… For TSNA, the described ratios of NNN/NNAL are 2.8 and 0.1 in nails and urine respectively,
… One of the most interesting data is the fact that the ratios between NNAL and cotinine are 10 …